New News Biology #1

Cell Types & Structures

What Is A Cell?

The smallest unit of life that can replicate independently

Makes up all living things (animals, plants, bacteria included)

Cell Types:

Eukaryotic; Complex

Includes plant/animal/fungi cells

Prokaryotic; Simple

The cell itself is its own organism. For example, bacteria.

Animal Cells vs Plant Cells

Both have:

Cell membranes; let substances in/out.

Nucleus; contains genetic material (DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

Cytoplasm; chemical reactions happen here

Mitochondria; handles cellular respiration

Ribosomes; where proteins are made.

Only plant cells has:

Rigid Cell Wall; support & structure

Permanent Vacuole; contains cell sap (sugar & salts)

Chloroplasts; photosynthesis (contains chlorophyll, makes plants have a green color)

Bacterial Cells (‘Prokaryotes’, ‘uni-cellular’):

Cell Wall

Ribosomes

Circular strand of DNA

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane

Flagella (propels the bacteria around)